1. Simple Present Tense
Simple Present tense
S + tobe (is, am, are) + V-3
Contoh:
Aktif : My mother always cleans the floor every morning.
Pasif : The floor is always cleaned by my mother every morning.
Perlu diperhatikan untuk auxiliary/tobenya menyesuaikan dengan subject dari kalimat pasifnya, bukan subject kalimat aktif.
2. Simple Past Tense
Simple Past tense
S + tobe (was, were) + V-3
Contoh:
Aktif : Fadhila watched the movie in the theatre last night.
Pasif : The movie was watched by Fadhila in the theatre last night.
3. Present/Past Continuous Tense
Present/Past Continuous
S + (is, am, are) + being + V-3
(was, were)
Contoh:
Present continuous tense
Aktif : They are making a rainbow cake now.
Pasif : A rainbow cake is being made by them now
Note: Perhatikan perubahan tobe dari are (kalimat aktif) menjadi is (kalimat pasif). Karena, auxiliary/tobenya menyesuaikan dengan subject dari kalimat pasifnya, bukan subject kalimat aktif.
Past continuous tense
Aktif : She was buying some books last night.
Pasif : Some books were being bought by her last night.
4. Present/Past Perfect Tense
Present/past perfect tense
S + (have, has) +been + V-3
(had)
Contoh:
Present perfect tense
Aktif : The manager has interviewed some candidates
Pasif : Some candidates have been interviewed by the manager.
Past perfect tense
Aktif : Carroll had made a good decision to leave Liverpool.
Pasif : A good decision had been made by Carroll to leave Liverpool.
5. Modal Auxliary
Modal auxiliary*
Modals + be + V-3
*Modal auxiliary – will, shall, must, can, may (Present modal)
would, should, could, might (Past modal)
Silakan pelajari lagi materi tentang modal auxiliary.
Contoh:
Aktif : Before I got an injury, I could climb Mount Rinjani.
Pasif : Before I got an injury, Mount Rinjani could be climbed by me.
Aktif: She should bring her phone to call her mom.
Pasif : Her phone should be brought by her to call her mom.
Aktif: They must obey the rules in this camp.
Pasif : The rules must be obeyed by them in this camp.
6. ACCUSATIVE VERB
Accusative verb*
TO BE + V-3
Macam-macam accusative verb: PRAWAN L
(Plan, Require, Allow, Want/wait, Ask, Need, Like).
Perhatikan pola kalimat akusatif berikut ini:
Aktif
S + accusative verb + (object) + to V-1
Pasif
S + accusative verb + (object) +tobe V-3
Contoh:
Aktif : I asked my secretary to answer the call
Pasif : I asked the call to be answered by my secretary
Aktif : The headmaster requires the students to use the weekly uniform
Pasif : The headmaster requires the weekly uniform to be used by the students
Note: Pada dasarnya, pola perubahannya sama dengan passive voice pada umumnya. Hanya saja, yang dipasifkan adalah kata kerja setelah accusative verb (lihat contoh yang ditulis tebal) disana ada perubahan subject dan object (dibalik), selebihnya hanya perubahan dari “to answer” dan “to use” (aktif) menjadi “to be answered” dan “to be used” (pasif).
Demikian contoh passive voice beserta rumus dan kalimatnya yang telah saya berikan. Semoga dengan belajar passive voice kalian dapat lebih meningkatkan lagi kemampuan grammar bahasa inggris. Tetaplah semangat untuk belajar.
